[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” positioning=”none” horizontal_offset_tablet=”” horizontal_offset_phone=”” horizontal_offset_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px|||0px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|||25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”” da_disable_devices=”off|off|off” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover_enabled=”on|desktop” custom_padding__hover=”0px|||0px|false|false” theme_builder_area=”post_content” da_is_popup=”off” da_exit_intent=”off” da_has_close=”on” da_alt_close=”off” da_dark_close=”off” da_not_modal=”on” da_is_singular=”off” da_with_loader=”off” da_has_shadow=”on”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” custom_padding=”||0px|||” custom_margin=”||-41px||false|false” sticky_enabled=”0″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”|||0px||” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” text_font_size=”16px” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n
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Operation and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>m<\/span>aintenance are often discussed as one activity (i.e., O&M), but they are\u00a0<\/span><\/span>two<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>different<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>but interrelated<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>activities. How assets are\u00a0<\/span><\/span>operated<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>will\u00a0<\/span><\/span>impact<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>how assets need to be\u00a0<\/span><\/span>maintained<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>and vice versa. Therefore, when the operations plan for an asset is developed, the maintenance plan also needs to be considered.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Because m<\/span>aintenance and operation are<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>n<\/span>ot\u00a0<\/span><\/span>always completed by the same personnel<\/span>, i<\/span>t is imperative that\u00a0<\/span><\/span>staff\u00a0<\/span><\/span>communicate regularly.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Frequent and effective communication supports scheduling maintenance plans<\/span>, ensuring that plans are being followed, and documenting updates.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][dsm_icon_divider use_icon=”on” font_icon=”||divi||400″ _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/dsm_icon_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” text_font_size=”16px” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Operations<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The purpose of the\u00a0operations\u00a0phase is to ensure the asset is\u00a0operated\u00a0as it was intended, within design specifications, with\u00a0maximum\u00a0uptime until it reaches the end of its useful life. In this phase,\u00a0operation activities are performed and tracked.\u00a0Personnel should be familiar with all three types of procedures, or they should know where they can find the procedures when needed in resources such as in a book, online, or in a shared site.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The\u00a0utility\u00a0should have a plan in place that lays out\u00a0the who, what, when, and how of the daily operations. It should define how resources (personnel,\u00a0financial\u00a0and physical) will be\u00a0allocated\u00a0to achieve the Level of Service goals. The operations plan is a manual for\u00a0operating\u00a0the system.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Operations, or operational activities, can be classified into three categories:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Asset operations can be passive or active.\u00a0These distinctions become most important in alternate and emergency operating procedures.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n If an asset is passive, it does not require regular human interaction for it to do its job.\u00a0These types of assets include categories such as pipe, storage tanks,\u00a0utility access holes, and many green assets, including bioswales and pervious pavement.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n If an asset is active, it will need human interaction or control technology to start\/stop it and adjust its operation to meet the conditions\u00a0and\u00a0requirements at the time. These types of assets include pumps, chlorinators, scrapers, and chemical addition systems.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Some\u00a0assets are\u00a0both passive and active. An example would be an isolation valve in a water distribution system. The valve is\u00a0normally in\u00a0an\u00a0open or closed position and functions as a passive asset since no intervention is required for it to stay in this position. However, if\u00a0a major pipe break occurred, the valve would need to be closed with human intervention. In this case, the asset becomes an active asset.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][dsm_icon_divider use_icon=”on” font_icon=”||divi||400″ _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/dsm_icon_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” text_font_size=”16px” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Maintenance<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Maintenance involves those activities that help keep the assets in good working\u00a0order, so they will\u00a0operate\u00a0as intended\u00a0until it reaches the end of its useful life.\u00a0Maintenance falls into the broad categories listed below; however, different names or definitions of maintenance can be\u00a0used,\u00a0and\u00a0utility staff\u00a0might\u00a0combine categories of maintenance\u00a0It is important that your utility defines the\u00a0different types\u00a0of maintenance and remain consistent.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_accordion _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” body_font_size=”16px” sticky_enabled=”0″][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Routine or Planned Maintenance” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]<\/p>\n R<\/span>egularly scheduled maintenance, completed on a calendar or use base schedule (<\/span>i.e.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>every month or every\u00a0<\/span><\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>000 hours<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>of run time). This maintenance is outlined in a\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>maintenance plan<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>that includes required tasks, labor, materials, etc. This maintenance is based on a maintenance strategy such as\u00a0<\/span><\/span>p<\/span>redictive (<\/span>m<\/span>onitor),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>p<\/span>reventive or\u00a0<\/span><\/span>r<\/span>un-to-<\/span>f<\/span>ailure in which case the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>c<\/span>orrective\u00a0<\/span><\/span>m<\/span>aintenance can still be planned.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Predictive Maintenance ” _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” open=”off”]<\/p>\n C<\/span>ondition monitoring\u00a0<\/span><\/span>used<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>to predict when asset failure is likely to occur. This maintenance\u00a0<\/span><\/span>might<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>require equipment that the system\u00a0<\/span><\/span>might<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>have to rent,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>purchase<\/span>, or borrow<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and it\u00a0<\/span><\/span>might<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>require an outside contractor to complete. In some cases, predictive maintenance is\u00a0<\/span><\/span>easy<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>and inexpensive. In others, it can be quite complex and costly. The cost will dictate how much and what type of predictive maintenance is reasonable<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>and risk will\u00a0<\/span><\/span>determine<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>upon which assets\u00a0<\/span><\/span>predictive maintenance\u00a0<\/span><\/span>makes sense.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Preventive Maintenance ” _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” open=”off”]<\/p>\n C<\/span>onducted to\u00a0<\/span><\/span>maintain<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>operating\u00a0<\/span><\/span>condition<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>and slow deterioration. Completed based on condition and ability to provide Level of Service while the asset is still in working condition. Intended to prevent unexpected failures. Preventive maintenance should be scheduled to limit downtime.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Warranty-Related Maintenance ” _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” open=”off”]<\/p>\n M<\/span>aintenance required to keep\u00a0<\/span><\/span>warranty<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>from being voided. This maintenance should be performed on the schedule and manner required by the warranty.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Corrective\/Reactive Maintenance ” _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” open=”off”]<\/p>\n C<\/span>ompleted after an asset has failed. It is the result of an unexpected event, the lack of a maintenance strategy, or having the Run-to-Failure or Plan-to-Replace strategy in place. If\u00a0<\/span><\/span>reactive<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>m<\/span>aintenance occurs on an\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a<\/span>sset that has a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>p<\/span>redictive (<\/span>m<\/span>onitor) or\u00a0<\/span><\/span>p<\/span>reventive\u00a0<\/span><\/span>m<\/span>aintenance strategy in place, and the strategy indicated the asset was not expected to fail, it\u00a0<\/span><\/span>might<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>be necessary to investigate whether the monitoring was insufficient<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>or\u00a0<\/span><\/span>inaccurate<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>or the analysis of the monitoring data was incorrect. In these cases, the maintenance plan\u00a0<\/span><\/span>might<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>need modification to address the problem.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Backlog Maintenance ” _builder_version=”4.27.6″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” open=”off”]<\/p>\n P<\/span>reventive maintenance that is not yet on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the schedule<\/span>. The backlog\u00a0<\/span><\/span>might<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>be caused by seasonal activities or weather events.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Keep t<\/span>he number of backlog activities to a reasonable number<\/span>,<\/span><\/ul>\n
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